International Journals of Multidisciplinary Research
Academy (IJMRA)

Abstract:
Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) represents a system of wireless nodes that can freely and dynamically self-organize into arbitrary and temporary network topologies, allowing people and devices to seamlessly internet-work in areas without any preexisting communication infrastructure. The routing protocols of this network elapsed much time in route discovery and route maintenances. In this research work we have studied the performance of routing protocols DSR and AODV when the nodes involved in audio conferencing.
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Abstract:
Internationalization is a phenomenon researched intensively over the last few decades from a variety of viewpoints. Issues such as the development of international activities, and factors favoring or disfavoring internationalization have been studied for both large as well as small and medium enterprises. The problems of the internationalization of entrepreneurial activities have seen a considerable interest among a number of significant economists. Internationalization theory subsumes to two diverse approaches - stage approach and global approach. The focus of this study is on small and medium enterprises and their internationalization process. The objective of this paper is to present an overview of the internationalization process management of the selected Czech firms in the Moravian-Silesian Region.
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Abstract:
In this paper an important financial event buyback of shares has been analyzed with an aim to evaluate the impact of its announcement on stocks listed on National Stock Exchange S&P CNX 500 (index). We have used the event study methodology to see the impact of the announcement. The present study could not find evidence of abnormal returns associated with the announcement of buy-back of shares in the Indian capital market. In this paper impact of mode of buy-back has also been analyzed.
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Abstract:
Due to rapid depletion of fossil fuels and environmental concerns, the use of biodiesel is rapidly expanding around the world, making it imperative to fully understand the impacts of biodiesel on the diesel engine combustion process and pollutant formation. In the Indian context linseed can play an important role in the production of alternative diesel fuel. The climatic and soil conditions of India are convenient for the production of linseed (Linum Usitatissimum) crop.
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Abstract:
In this project, we propose an energy efficient and collision aware (EECA) node-disjoint multipath routing algorithm with multipath power-control transmission (MPT) scheme for Acoustic sensor networks. With the aid of node position information, the EECA algorithm attempts to find two collision-free routes using constrained and power adjusted flooding and then transmits the data with minimum power needed through power control component of the protocol. And also, we propose a new multipath power-control transmission (MPT) scheme, which can guarantee certain end-to-end packet error rate while achieving a good balance between the overall energy ef?ciency and the end-to-end packet delay.
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Abstract:
In Road Sensor and Actor Networks, a lot of sensors and actors are arbitrarily deployed on public roads to gather real-time data on traffic and road conditions and ease decision making based on data gathered. Some actors could be put to inactive state to save energy and extend network lifetime. In this paper, the theme of selecting a set of running actors for coordinating data transmission in a road sensor and actor network with least amount communication cost and data error reduction is studied. A modi?ed Non dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) is proposed. It is used to ?nd which paths are minimizing cost and reducing data error. The usefulness of the proposed algorithms is con?rmed using extensive simulations.
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Abstract:
In this paper, we learn the leader election in the occurrence of selfish nodes for intrusion detection in mobile ad hoc networks. Leader election is the key to cluster strength and network performance. We propose a partner clustering algorithm (PCA) to elect right leader node for each cluster and divider the network into non overlapped 1-hop clusters. Specifically, our PCA adopts Coverage distance, transmission power as metrics to periodically choose proper leader node.
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Abstract:
Inventory constitutes a significant asset on the balance sheet of trading & manufacturing companies. Purchasing strategy and function affect the level of inventory and business performance of company to great extent. Effectively measuring and managing inventory is essential for keeping companies financial statements up to date and presenting true & fair view of financial statement. This paper established that the purchasing function contributes to level of inventory, cost of product and thereby on business performance.
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Abstract:
Performance management system has become the backbone of any organization specifically in competitive industries like banking, pharmacy etc wherein increasing cut throat competition is new buzzword .and survival of the fittest has become the realities of the day. Poaching has emerged as latest employee recruitment strategy specifically in the today scenario wherein the banks end up paying 200% more than the previous company. The research paper therefore focuses on evaluation of effectiveness of performance management system and concurrently reviews both job satisfaction and organizational commitment.
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Abstract:
Bangladesh is an over populated developing country. But it is a small country. Shailkupa Pouroshova is in south western Bangladesh. It is a part of the Jhenaidah District. This study was based on the primary data. Statistical tools such as percentage, frequency table, arithmetic mean and chi- square statistic were applied for analyzing data. The study reveals that the average income of the women is 4119.26 taka per month. Only 2% of the women are illiterate. 40% of the women are housewife.
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Abstract:
Performance of cryptosystems is a very important process in measuring the performance of Cryptosystems. Communication is the basic process of exchanging information. The effectiveness of computer communication is mainly based on the security aspects. Security of information transmitted over the network is becoming tougher in spite of the availability of many cryptographic algorithms.
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Abstract:
Searching algorithms are closely related to the concept of dictionaries. String searching algorithms are too complex in all sorts of applications. To analyze an algorithm is to determine the amount of resources (such as time and storage) necessary to execute it. Most algorithms are designed to work with inputs of arbitrary length. Usually the efficiency or running time of an algorithm is stated as a function relating the input length to the number of steps (time complexity) or storage locations (space complexity).
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Abstract:
Cloning by nuclear transfer using mammalian somatic cells has enormous potential application. However, somatic cloning has been inefficient in all species in which live clones have been produced. High abortion and fetal mortality rates are commonly observed. These developmental defects have been attributed to incomplete reprogramming of the somatic nuclei by the cloning process. Various strategies have been used to improve the efficiency of nuclear transfer, however, significant breakthroughs are yet to happen.
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Abstract:
Every type of system may replace or enhance the functionality currently delivered by legacy systems to new system, regardless of the type of project/application; some data conversion may take place. Difficulties arise when we take the information currently maintained by the legacy system and transform it to fit into the new system. We refer to this process as data migration. Data migration is a common element among most system implementations. It can be performed once, as with a legacy system redesign, or may be an ongoing process as in storage of historical data in the form of a data warehouse. Some legacy system migrations require ongoing data conversion if the incoming data requires continuous cleansing.
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Abstract:
Virtualization provides a grained isolation mechanism those results in large systems, with full operating systems and a complete software services. The aim of this work is to provide the server virtualization with the help of we give more services at different security level of the different operating system on same physical machine without buying the anymore server machines. The server virtualization that runs in isolation from the rest of the system, with the full foundations of their more efficiency virtualized platform.
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Abstract:
The project was conducted to evaluate the present and emerging concepts of ELECTRONIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (E-HRM) AND HUMAN RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEM (HRIS) in Mass Media with special reference to The Hindu. It was decided to check on the effectiveness of E-HRM and HRIS due to the strong base of the Personnel Department. The project was done in four phases, which included formulation of objectives, designing the questionnaire, collection of data and the analysis and the findings are also given in the project.
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Abstract:
Salem is the fifth largest city with a population of 7.54 lakhs (2011) in Tamil Nadu. Fast growth in population and vehicles in these centre have caused congestion in roads for movement of passengers and goods affecting economic development. Local Authorities faced with great difficulties to identify required various road improvement projects. An efficient transportation network is the need of the present urban scenario to tackle the discussed problems.
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Abstract:
Stress can either help or hinder one's effectiveness depending upon the stress level. When the level increases, personal effectiveness increases but, when the stress crosses the optimum level, the persons' effectiveness declines. Too much tension in the string also yields very poor result and may break the string. A group can also be a potential source of stress. These group stressors can be categorized into three areas. They are lack of group cohesiveness, lack of social support and intra individual, interpersonal and inter-group conflicts. Among individual factors contributing to stress are personality, life and career changes and lift trauma.
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Abstract:
The main objective of image enhancement is to improve some characteristic of an image to make it visually better one. A general framework based on histogram equalization for image contrast enhancement is presented. In this framework, contrast enhancement is posed as an optimization problem that minimizes a cost function. Histogram equalization is an effective technique for contrast enhancement.
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Abstract:
In this study, a new image inpainting approach using multiscale salient structure propagation is proposed. The proposed approach consists of four stages, namely, (1) detection of salient structure(s), (2) inpainting of salient structure(s), (3) inpainting of surrounding areas of salient structure(s) by modified ant colony optimization (ACO), and (4) inpainting of remaining missing regions. Based on the experimental results obtained in this study, as compared with four comparison approaches, the proposed approach provides the better image inpainting results.
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Abstract:
Today online shopping is widely accepted in the developed countries due to various factors like convenience, product comparison, time saving, ease of use, 24x7 availability etc. In the present scenario, internet is not only a source of communication and entertainment but increasingly, a medium of business transaction for the entrepreneur's as well. The most popular advent of internet is online shopping (E-shopping/internet shopping) which is a innovative tool of entrepreneurs.
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Abstract:
FMEA was formally introduced in the late 1940s for military usage by the US Armed Forces. Later, it was used for aerospace/rocket development to avoid errors in small sample sizes of costly rocket technology. FMEA enables the team to design those failures out of the system with the minimum of effort and resource expenditure, thereby reducing development time and costs. It is widely used in manufacturing industries in various phases of the product life cycle and is now increasingly finding use in the service industry.
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Abstract:
Recent advances in communication technologies and the proliferation of wireless computing and communication devices make the radio spectrum overcrowded. However, experiments from the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) reveals that the spectrum utilization varies from 15% - 85%. Consequently, Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) are proposed to utilize the radio spectrum opportunistically.
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Abstract:
OFDM can be seen as either a modulation technique or a multiplexing technique. One of the main reasons to use OFDM is to increase the robustness against frequency selective fading or narrowband interference. In a single carrier system, a single fade or interferer can cause the entire link to fail, but in a multicarrier system, only a small percentage of the subcarriers will be affected. Error correction coding can then be used to correct for the few erroneous subcarriers.
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Abstract:
The computer assisted testing has proven to be an efficient and effective way to evaluate students' learning status such that proper tutoring strategies can be adopted to improve their learning performance. In a testing system, the quality of the test items will considerably affect the accuracy of a test; therefore, several measures have been proposed to represent the quality of each test item, such as degree of difficulty and discrimination. However, the quality of a test not only depends on the quality of the item bank, but also relates to the way the assessment sheet is constructed. Selection of appropriate test items is important when constructing a assessment sheet that meets compound assessment requirements, such as expected difficulty degree, expected discrimination degree, number of the test items, and the specified distribution of concept weights.
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Abstract:
The Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) sector plays a pivotal role towards economic development regardless of the size of economy. It generates employment, increases production base and provides support to large scale enterprises. Despite the crucial role of SME plays in today's economy, unfortunately it has been found that in recent time development of human resource, which is the mainstay for making SME successful, is generally a neglected function in SMEs.
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Abstract:
In this paper, we argue that weak cache consistency and unsecured caching in distributed file system environment supported by existing mechanism and protocol, and must be augmented by strong consistency mechanisms and protocol to support the growing diversity in application requirements. There are many methods to maintain consistency in the distributed file system but provides weak consistency. But one method provides strong consistency and safe caching as well in the distributed environment is the lease method and it also provide safe caching in distributed environment.
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Abstract:
Data integration is a challenging domain for combing data from different sources. This provides users a unified view of data. Data integration system constitutes a major importance in current real time application and characterized by some issues related from speculative conclusion of view. Integration of multiple heterogeneous data sources into real time application is a time consuming and costly process. Advance technologies and standard make integration well managed from data engineering perspectives followed by many limitations. These limitation projects a different area of research to provide solution to these challenges.
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Abstract:
Automated update of building information in maps from high-resolution aerial imagery is one of the most important and challenging researches in the field of photogrammetric and remote sensing. Up-to-date building information is necessary for many practical applications such as fixed assets inventory, city planning, GIS application analysis, etc. Urban land used to study and focused on building extraction and height estimation from space borne optical imagery. The advantage of such methods is a 3D visualization of urban areas, digital urban mapping, and GIS databases for decision makers.
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Abstract:
Data collection is a fundamental operation in wireless sensor networks where sensor nodes measure attributes about a phenomenon of interest and transmits their readings to a common base station. We classify the algorithms according to their common design objectives, identifying the following four as the most fundamental and most studied with respect to data collection in WSNs: (i) minimizing schedule length, (ii) minimizing latency, (iii) minimizing energy consumption.
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Abstract:
This paper gives brief introduction about clock synchronization in wireless mobile ad-hoc networks. Here we will discuss about the clock synchronization problem and scalability of MANETs. Also we will discuss about the major scopes for synchronization in MANETs. We will discuss various algorithms proposed as solutions for the problem of clock synchronization in MANETs. Here we will discuss about TSF(timing synchronization function),MASP(Modified automatic self-timing procedure ). At last we will compare the results for the throughput, end to end delay and energy parameters which are very important for the efficient utilization of the wireless adhoc networks.
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Abstract:
The usage of internet has been drastically increased in few years. This increase demands larger and larger bandwidth to work in easy and fast manner. But with limited bandwidth usage we can provide faster internet working by using proxy caches. That is where proxy server comes in to the picture. We have large amount of proxy servers available out of which some are open source. We have to configure these servers according to our requirement by setting it's architecture and cache replacement algorithm.
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Abstract:
Most of the applications in today's IT industry are developed with the help of existing codes, libraries, design, open source etc. As the code is accessed in a program it is represented as the software component. Code is a ready to use component in programming. Developing software with the help of existing component or code is called software reusability. These components can be code, architecture, documents, designs etc. While using these components the main question arises whether to use such components is worth full or not which means reusing these components increases or decreases the quality of the software. In this proposed work i have made an attempt to answer this question.
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Abstract:
The fast advancement of hardware technology has enabled the development of tiny and powerful sensor nodes, which are capable of sensing, computation and wireless communication. This revolutionizes the deployment of wireless sensor network for monitoring some area and collecting regarding information. However, limited energy constraint presents a major challenge such vision to become reality. Data communication between nodes consumes a large portion of the total energy consumption of the WSNs.
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Abstract:
The primary objective of this study is to ascertain the levels of job satisfaction experienced amongst employees in ITI limited, Bangalore. For the purpose of this study convenience sampling design was used to assess job satisfaction. The sample group (N = 100) consisted of permanent workers extending across the various occupational classes. A questionnaire was administered to gather the data.
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Abstract:
This Paper presents various edge detection methods and segmentation methods. All methods are applied on heart image. All methods and their results are evaluated through standard assessment parameters. Edge Detection Methods like Sobel, Prewitt, Robert, Log, Zero Crossing, and Canny are compared with Proposed Method of Marker based Watershed Segmentation Technique for color image segmentation. Various standard assessment parameters are PSNR, NCC, AD, SC, NAE, STD, COV, UIQI, CC, SSI and DSI. Result Tables and Graphs clearly shows that proposed method gives better results as compared to edge detection methods.
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Abstract:
As Well-crystallized MgZnO alloy thin films with hexagonal wurtzite structure were fabricated by sol-gel method. With the band gap increases, the surface roughness and the grain size reduces. It is worth noting that the intensity of the band-edge luminescence of Mg doped films enhances with the increase of the Mg content. The microstructure and photoluminescence mechanism have been discussed based on X-ray diffraction patterns, atomic force microscopy images, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra, photoluminescence spectra and Fourier transform infrared spectra.
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Abstract:
We all have experienced the discomfort of waiting in a queue. Unfortunately, this phenomenon is becoming increasingly common in urban societies with increasing population. One of the problems of ATM machines is the long queue in front of these machines which results in customer dissatisfaction. Therefore, banks should attempt to solve this huge problem, so that they could prevent distrust to electronic banking and its tools including ATMs. So, nonlinear queuing model was suggested by Passandideh and Niaki (2010) with two objectives of minimizing customer waiting time and percentage of idle time for ATM.
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Abstract:
To protect overall security, it's important to formulate a clear policy that states what rights the employee has and how the employee should responsibly handle company resources. That policy should be signed by each employee when he or she is first hired. In some instances, having an employee who works with sensitive or proprietary information sign a nondisclosure or confidentiality agreement is also a wise precaution.
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Abstract:
In this paper, Homotopy Perturbation Transform Method (HPTM) is employed to approximate the solution of the Burgers equation which is a one-dimensional non-linear partial differential equation in fluid dynamics. This method is a combined form of the Laplace Transform method with the Homotopy Perturbation method. The nonlinear terms can be easily handled by the use of He's Polynomials. The explicit solutions obtained were compared with the exact solutions.
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Abstract:
In this paper, we investigate anisotropic Bianchi type-V cosmological model in the presence of perfect fluid and decaying cosmological term - A (t). The Einstein's field equations have been solved by assuming the decay law for A (Overduin and Cooperstock, 1998) as A=BR/R+1/R2 and w = 1, where w is the equation of state parameters and R is the average scale factor of the universe. Physical and kinematical parameters of the model have also been discussed.
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Abstract:
Transportation is the movement of people or goods from one place to another. Transport is important since it enables trade between people, which in turn augment economic growth and foster civilizations. The transport system comprises of highways or roadways, Railways, water ways and air ways. Road ways include highways, city roads, village roads, feeder roads and Ghat roads. Roadways provide maximum service to one and all. It is possible to provide door to door services only by road.
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Abstract:
Transportation is the movement of people or goods from one place to another. Transport is important since it enables trade between people, which in turn augment economic growth and foster civilizations. The transport system comprises of highways or roadways, Railways, water ways and air ways. Road ways include highways, city roads, village roads, feeder roads and Ghat roads. Roadways provide maximum service to one and all. It is possible to provide door to door services only by road
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Abstract:
Customer Relationship Management is no longer considered a business trend, but an industry standard
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