International Journals of Multidisciplinary Research
Academy (IJMRA)

Abstract:
The Red swamp Crayfish (Procambarusclarkii, Girard, 1852) in developed countries has many ecological, cultural and economic aspects. On the socioeconomic point of view, the impacts of this exotic species are real. The red swamp crayfish, is a species probably introduced by man in the North-West region of Morocco. The species was introduced for economic reasons, it is currently abundant and widespread in the region. As an invasive species, newly introduced, its exploitation still not regulated by the Moroccan authority. In spite of this and in a voluntary and random way, there is an interesting fishing activity and sale of this species by the fishermen of the region. This activity maintains a considerable source of income and, given the negative impact of this species on biodiversity and the lack of prevention of its spread in the country, this fishing activity may indirectly contribute to limiting the development of the crayfish population to an acceptable level. This recent study focuses on a new and possible economic resource in the region, estimating the socioeconomic impacts of this species in Morocco as well as the importance of taking into consideration that this has become a new food for Moroccans.
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Abstract:
Rotatability is a property that requires that the variance of estimates of responses at points equidistant from the centre of the design is constant on circles or spheres or hyper-spheres. The study of rotatable designs mainly emphasises the estimation of the absolute response. In this study, the aim was to construct second order rotatable designs in three, four, five, six and k-factors based on balanced incomplete block designs. The main objective was to obtain the variance and covariances of parameter estimates of the second-order experimental designs. Using a balanced incomplete block design in three, four, five, six, and k-factors where each factor will contain two treatments, factorial combinations were obtained. An incidence matrix of Balanced Incomplete Block Design is suitably chosen and must satisfy the necessary Balanced Incomplete Block Design conditions. It should also satisfy the non-singularity conditions for a second-order design to be rotatable. A set of points s(a, a, a) was also suitably chosen and used to denote the symmetric point sets associated with an appropriate, balanced incomplete design. In conclusion, some new second-order rotatable designs in three, four, five and six factors and their generalisation in K factors were obtained through balanced incomplete block designs
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Abstract:
In this paper we give overview results about the Bourgain, Brezis, and Mironescu theorem regarding limiting embeddings of fractional Sobolev spaces. We give this theorem on the asymptotic behaviour of the norm of the Sobolev-type embedding operator : 𝒲0 1−ε,1+ε → L n(1+ε) (n− 1−ε 2 ) as ε ↑ 0 and 1 − ε ↑ n (1 + ε). We extended results of this theorem for all values of 1 − ε ∈ 0,1 .
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Abstract:
A simple and sensitive extractive visible spectrophotometric method for the assay of Darunavir (DNV) in pure and pharmaceutical formulations is developed., The method is based on oxidizable centre of primary amine the of selected drug reacts with MBTH reagent in presence of Ce (IV) to give coloured species at absorption peak of λmax at 518 nm. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range 4-24 μg/ml, the Molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity are 1.8295 x105 and 1.3540 x10-3 µg cm -2 respectively. The method proposed gave reproducible results with the percentage recoveries in the formulations found to be 99.800 to 99.949.The proposed method is cheap, accurate and can be successfully applied for the determination of DNV.
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Abstract:
In many arid and semiarid counties. Among traditional irrigation systems, pitcher irrigation is b one among the foremost efficient and compatible for little farmers in many areas of the planet. Well-organized water supervision using pitcher irrigation offers an answer to looming water disaster and would help bring more and more of the un-irrigated area under the irrigation within the country. Pitcher irrigation entails burying an unglazed, porous clay pot with in soil before seedling. Water poured into pot seeps slowly into the soil, feeding the seedling's roots with a gentle supply of moisture. Pitcher irrigation uses water more efficiently than other systems since it delivers water to plant root zones, rather than to broader areas of the sector.
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Abstract:
The main objective of designing industrial robots is to carry out tasks that are oftentimes routine in nature. The designs are achieved by ensuring the manipulators to move the body, arm and wrist through a serious of motions. To ensure these motions, controllers are also designed to enhance stability and flexibility. Conventional proportional integral derivatives (PID) controllers which are most popular are not particularly efficient in providing this control operation. This work presents a hybrid of tunable PID and neural network (NN) controllers for vibration suppression of flexible robot arm manipulators. Mathematical models were developed to design the proposed hybrid. A model of the hybrid system was developed. Thereafter, different control parameters including joints and rotational angles, electrical and mechanical plant components and forearm transposition model were used to design the body, arm and wrist components of the robot manipulator. The hybrid was simulated and results show that the proposed model produced a better controller that the conventional PID or NN controller used alone for a robot arm control. Keywords: Proportional Integral Derivative (PID), TunableProportional Integral Derivative (TPID), Neural Network (NN), Hybrid, Robot Arm Manipulators.
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Abstract:
The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Inverse Model (AIM) generates an output that is proportional to the voltage required at the input of the DC motor to produce the desired speed at the time intervals. It may not be easily obvious that precise control of speed translates to accurate control of the position. Thus for accurate position to be achieved, the profile of position should be incorporated in the equation governing the precise control of speed by simple integration; this is same for all DC motors. The input to the AIM is the DC motor position at four successive intervals. The plant model is identified first then; the controller is trained so that the plant output follows the reference model output. The concept is to bring down the tracking error to zero or minimal acceptable value. Simulation results show that using motor position as input ensures accurate position control which automatically brings about accurate speed tracking
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Abstract:
GREEN CHEMISTRY AND THE BIOSPHERE : The biosphere consists of all living organisms and the materials and structures produced by living organisms. There is a very close connection between the biosphere and green chemistry including the following:  Living organisms produce a wide range of materials that are used by humans for a variety of purposes.  Large quantities of substances including pesticides and fertilizers are generated in the anthrosphere for use to control pests and enhance the growth and health of organisms in the biosphere.  Reduction of the use and generation of toxic substances in the anthrosphere is designed to prevent harm to humans and other organisms in the biosphere.  Environmental conditions largely determined by anthrospheric activities strongly affect organisms in the biosphere.
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Abstract:
Weight management for athletes and active individuals is unique because of their high daily energy expenditure; thus, the emphasis is usually placed on changing the diet side of the energy balance equation. When dieting for weight loss, active individuals also want to preserve lean tissue, which means that energy restriction cannot be too severe or lean tissue is lost. First, this brief review addresses the issues of weight management in athletes and active individuals and factors to consider when determining a weight-loss goal. Second, the concept of dynamic energy balance is reviewed, including two mathematical models developed to improve weight-loss predictions based on changes in diet and exercise. These models are now available on the Internet. Finally, dietary strategies for weight loss/maintenance that can be successfully used with active individuals are given. Emphasis is placed on teaching the benefits of consuming a low-ED diet (e.g., high-fiber, high-water, low-fat foods), which allows for the consumption of a greater volume of food to increase satiety while reducing energy intake. Health professionals and sport dietitians need to understand dynamic energy balance and be prepared with effective and evidence-based dietary approaches to help athletes and active individuals achieve their body-weight goals.
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Abstract:
In WBANs, longer packets may encounter higher misfortune rates because of unforgiving channel conditions. Then again, shorter packets may experience the ill effects of more prominent overhead. Thus, the ideal packet size must be selected to different execution measurements of WBANs. According to the latest research, numerous methodologies have been suggested to decide ideal packet size in WBANs. Literature discussed in this paper primarily focuses on packet size optimization in a particular application or sending condition. This paper discusses the current trends and practices on packet size optimization for wireless body area networks to encourage the researchers for more investigation in that particular area. The objective of this paper is to give a superior comprehension of packet size streamlining methodologies and applications utilized in WBAN, it will likewise present some research issues that are still open for researchers and complications related to those issues.
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