International Journals of Multidisciplinary Research
Academy (IJMRA)

Abstract:
In view of the fact that beginning of the history, man has migration spirit, which is satisfied through travel, so he has abundant fascination for travel. The urge to know the unknown, to discover new and strange places, to seek change of environment and to achieve new experiences, inspired mankind for new vestas and move from one place to another. Most of the travels in the past were almost unplanned and limited; having not much significance, but as civilization developed and moved further, conscious travels began to invade the world. In fact, the history of civilization is a rather chronological account of tribes and classes leaving the land of their fore-fathers and going in search of new horizon.
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Abstract:
When a service failure occurs, employees will either make internal or external attributions for the service failure. A model is developed that suggests that the training needs of employees who make internal attributions of service failures will be very different from those of employees who make external attributions. Evidently, the specific training program will be localized to the country and employees. Hence, the value of the model stems from its ability to highlight the need for attribution style training in order to ensure service quality. With the increase in services export, understanding the employee's perspective of service quality will result in better provision of services to the end customer.
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Abstract:
For over two decades, there has been a new wind of democratic change sweeping across Africa where multiparty political systems were being installed all over the continent to replace the fallen authoritarian and dictatorial regimes. Today, democracy sits on the horn of a dilemma in several parts of Africa including Nigeria. As at now, the inadequacies of democracy and its practice as a political ideology in Nigeria are being illustrated by the tactics and tantrums of Nigerian political leaders and faulty political process. Democratic consolidation in Nigeria is complicated by the apparent malfeasance of the country's electoral management body (the Independent National Electoral Commission - INEC) - yet; the problematic of electoral administration in the country is scarcely studied.
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Abstract:
In this paper, we determine the levels of Zn, Mg and Fe in eight medicinal plants using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) is established. The results show that all the mean concentrations of Fe, Mg and Zn considered as essential elements are significantly different from one sample to another (p=0.05 at 95% confidence interval). The levels of iron are significantly higher in the leaves and stem of Vernonia lasiopus ranging between 4.77-4.81 ppm as compared to others. The levels of zinc ranged from 0.35-0.37 ppm in the leaves of Eucalyptus saligna to 4.18-4.29 ppm in the leaves of Aloe secundiflora which had the highest concentration. The levels of magnesium were significantly higher in Aloe secundiflora (163.00+-1.00 ppm) as compared to others.
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Abstract:
The present study is an experimental study in which the researchers hypothesized that use of authentic material in language classes can improve thematically related vocabulary of language learners. The experimental group was given treatment through independent variable that is teaching through authentic material whereas the other group was taken as control group and was given a usual type of training. After a six -week training both of the groups were given post tests and it was found that experimental group performed better than the control group.
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Abstract:
This paper examines the nature of Kano walled city and challenges of intra-city transportation. The ancient city of Kano is presently an area facing serious transportation problems particularly in those areas that still retained the morphology of the pre-colonial setting, where buildings are built close to one another and structures are usually separated by narrow winding paths capable of accommodating only pedestrians, donkeys and horses. This narrow winding path renders the area inaccessible by cars and even at times by motorcycles causing serious social and economic stress on the residents of the area. The nature of the city being a commercial center also led to incidences of street hawking along the major roads within the city posing more problems to transportation.
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Abstract:
Agriculture is the backbone of Indian Economy. About 65% of Indian population depends directly on agriculture and it accounts for around 22% of GDP. Agriculture derives its importance from the fact that it has vital supply and demand links with the manufacturing sector. During the past five years agriculture sector has witnessed spectacular advances in the production and productivity of food grains, oilseeds, commercial crops, fruits, vegetables, food grains, poultry and dairy. India has emerged as the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world in addition to being the largest overseas exporter of cashews and spices. Further, India is the highest producer of milk in the world.
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Abstract:
Measurement of Satisfaction level of females in Insurance Industry seeks to identify the present scenario of the Insurance market and to study the various causes which produced stresses among females in Insurance industry. The Objectives of research hence required an insight of mindset of females working in insurance sector, on what they think and what they want. The objectives of this study were to identify occupational stressors among females in an insurance company. According to the factors studied in the present study the dissatisfaction level of females was found to be the main cause of stresses and it assess the relationships between occupational stress, ill health and organizational commitment.
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Abstract:
External flooring using the Interlocking blocks, Paving blocks and Paving tiles are aesthetically pleasing, easy maintenance and ready to use within an hour. Interlocking Pavers are modern day solution to the outdoor flooring versatility in applications. They are high strength concrete and clay mouldings in various shapes, sizes & colors to suit the imagination of landscape architects & nature's essence. Clay bricks used as pavers have been around a lot longer than their concrete cousins. Here a Case study is done to know the technical details manufacturing and laying of the clay pavers. The material constituents for the clay pavers are Laterite soil (collected from Naubad area of Bidar district Karnataka), cement (Birla super cement -43 grade) and quarry dust which is then mixed in the ratio 1:4 (1 part of cement,2 part of laterite soil and 2 part of quarry dust) and then moulded into suitable shapes.
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Abstract:
This work has been focused on the synthesis of the iron oxide nano particle from the spanich (In Hindi: palak) by using polyvinyl alcohol in static and dynamic state. The sizes of the nano particle were determined by XRD technique. The presences of the functional group in iron oxide nano particle were characterized through FTIR. LVSEM and EDAX were carried to examination the surface feature and determine the chemical composition of the nano particle. The decomposition of the feric oxide was studied by TG analysis. The result shows that the magnetite nano powders were successfully prepared by chemical route in polymer matrix. The dynamic state modifies the size particle by repeating of impact. This method has the advantage that it can produce ultra-fine iron oxide powder quickly.
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Abstract:
An attempt is made to find out the adoption process of innovation. It provides scope for the evaluation of individual interest in innovativeness. Different variables of innovativeness like personal variables, product variables and communication flow are thoroughly examined. The analysis is carried out to evaluate different stages involved in the adoption of a new product. The individual of innovators and non-innovators in innovativeness are also examined.
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Abstract:
The role of Non Governmental Organisation (NGOs) in the promotion of human rights at international, and regional levels is widely recognized and endorsed by the international community. NGOs contribute significantly to the United Nations Human Rights programmes. They serve as a unique source of information; assist in the identification and drafting of new international standards; seed to obtain redress for victims of human rights abuses; and play an importance role in promoting human rights education, particularly of the non-formal level.
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Abstract:
Rural Market offers huge untapped potential for marketers. As Urban Markets are getting saturated, Rural Markets are becoming more and more viable. Many companies have taken initiative and have seen successful to cover the rural market through various marketing strategies.
The basic objective of this paper is to throw a light on the opportunities and potential, the rural market has in India. Paper shows the growth and marketing strategies adopted by different corporate in different sectors. It also highlights something on few sectors where many national and multinational companies are finding bright prospects for their products. Further, few successful examples of marketing strategies have been taken to support this paper.
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Abstract:
In modern era there is a hue and cry of development of soft skill. This article deals with the importance of the recent notion of soft skills, its contents, importance and the way of its development. Here an effort has been made to bring into light the wedded relationship between soft skills and the current competitive era. It focuses on the latest mantra to exist in the competitive world which is soft skill. It acts as source of stimulus to lead both personal and professional life peacefully. Soft skill is elaborated here as a protection jacket to face this competitive world.
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Abstract:
Amongst the myriad of economic issues that ail India currently, four risks that can pose immediate threat to India's growth momentum are: the DIRE risks [DIRE refers to an acronym of Deficits (Current account deficit and Fiscal Deficit), Inflation, Recession and the weakening Exchange rate.] In recent times, the widening fiscal deficit in India is gaining alarming proportions and compounded by the widening current account deficit, giving credence to the twin deficit hypothesis. This paper seeks to establish whether the twin deficits pose a serious threat to India's growth. In order to prove the same data on inflation, fiscal deficit, current account deficit and GDP growth rate in India for the period 1988 to 2011 was utilized.
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Abstract:
The purpose of this paper is to prove some properties ( i.e. associative, distributive ) of Fuzzy Soft Sets and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Sets with respect to extended union, extended intersection and restricted union, restricted intersection over the common universe. These properties are verified by appropriate examples.
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Abstract:
The Constitution of India pledges to secure to all its citizens justice- social, economic and political. Article 39-A of the Indian Constitution imposes an obligation on the State to ensure that the operation of the legal system in the country promotes justice, on the basis of equal opportunity and also provides for free legal aid by suitable legislation or schemes in any other way to ensure that opportunities for securing justice are not denied to any citizens by reason of economic and other disabilities. It is also the basic human right of every person to get justice within reasonable time. But because of many reasons people in India are not getting justice in courts within reasonable time.
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Abstract:
The advent of 21st century has experienced a benign and thrilling realization concerned to the bourgeoning economy in India, amid chaos in global financial market ignited by global financial meltdown and recent Euro-Zone crisis in Europe. The vastness of its natural and human resources and growing scientific and technological pursuance put India at the threshold of world's most promising economy, which according to some global financial experts, would be third largest on the earth by 2030, if the present growth rate is kept floating. However, the present orientation of neoliberal economic order presents a paradoxical distortion of inclusive discourses. The genteel-plebeian polarization is a serious symptom that could seriously subvert the promises of ongoing economic pathway in the foreseeable future.
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Abstract:
Keki Nasserwanji Daruwalla is certainly one of the major voices in Indo-Anglian poetry. He won the Sahitya Akademi award and he writes with obvious Indian elements in his verses, especially in his use of the landscapes, nature and human passions. His realistic vision of human life and his personal observation are his subjects. His personal observations are not fully facts; they are amalgam of myth and reality.
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Abstract:
The world is changing. Previously insignificant and disregarded markets are booming, replacing former superpowers now tired and worn out. The balance of power has shifted. And perhaps nowhere is this as apparent as in India. Tourism in and from India is not only at an all time high but is growing faster than in any other region. Home to almost half of the globes' population, the potential of Indian as a tourist feeder market is beyond comparison. As the region builds up more economic muscles and its people become more affluent, Indian tourism is set to dwarf all other markets including today's giants Germany and the US.
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